Chapter 23

Gilded Age Politics
Eauilibrium
- Democrats in the South
- No issues, no votes
- Rupublican party appealed more to African Americans
- Government did little to nothing from 1870 - 1900
- by 1890, 166000 people worked for the federal government
- Garfield won election of 1880
- Garfield assassinated in 1881
- Chester A Arthur
    - Unlikely instrument of reform
    - Suprised the nation by giving Stalwarts "Cold Shoulder"
Republicans in the North
division still in politican arties after civil war
deadlockin politics
Democrat voting blocs-white southerners, catholics, urban working poor, most farmers
presidents didn't really do much to help the country after the Civil War
spoils system very popular again
they didn't want division in the country anymore- election of 1880
Garfield is assassinated in 1881
Pendleton Act of 1883- civil service act, tried to do away with the spoils system
"Mugwumps"- didn't want to renominate Arthur, want to nominate Clevland as president
election of 1884- Cleveland gets support from mugwumps
Samuel Burchard- led a campaign against Blaine, "Rum Romanism, and Rebellion"
more Unity in the election of 1884
Cleveland was first Democrat elected since 1856, "Veto Governor"
raised tariffs to protect new U.S. industries
tariffs were main issue of the elction of 1888
Tariff of 1888- businessmen like it, small workshops owners didn't
1888 elction- more division than in the election of 1884
Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
McKinley Tariff of 1890
Cleveland runs for third presidency, only person to serve two non-consecutive terms
views of the nation are no longer sectionalism
Panic of 1893
Gold Standard-money backed by gold so money has real value
parties were still split in North and South
Decline of votes on some major political issues needed leader to fix country

Democrat- white south
Cathoic 
Republicans- pro business northern whites

Presidents didnt do much
Laissez Faire- hands off-1920
1865- 53000 workers for federal govt.
Ran spoil system
1880 reelection 
Half breeds-?
Stalwarts-were promised work for votes
Union- main ideal in election
1880 election- No Unity: North Vs. South
Conklingites-???
Garfield Assasination- 1881
Charles Guiteau wanted Stalwart president
Arthur gave "cold shoulder" to Stalwarts
Instrument of reform
Pendleton Act (1883)-Civil service reform important- 
1900- 50% of civil service jobs were federal govt. jobs
Need to take a test to get a civil service job-transition away from the spoils systems-IMPORTANT

Mugwumps- wouldn't renominate Arthur-for corruption-not unity- support Cleveland
Run by educated elite
Social Darwinism-???????????

Cleveland-mugwumps were for him-had an illigitiment child
James Blaine got support form north and west coast-tried to get muwumps back in to the reform movement
Cleveland wins NY by 1149 votes- Samuel Burchard helps Clevland win presidency
RUM Romanism and Rebellion- offended the Irish, was agaisnt immigrants-no vote for Blain-CLevand gets NY
Irish immigrants in NY

Clevland-Veto Gov-Opposed laws to hlep rich and poor-hands off kind of guy-Vetoed lots fo bils

Tariff Issue-earned 100 million dollars-business wants to continue this
Mugwamps opposed it
Main issue of election
Democrats wanted no tariff

im confused.....











